In the realm of physical security, “tailgating” and “piggybacking” are two common methods used to gain unauthorized access to restricted areas. While both involve an unauthorized individual entering a secure area, there is a key distinction between the two.

Tailgating: Sneaking in unnoticed

Tailgating occurs when an unauthorized person closely follows an authorized person through a security door or gate without their knowledge or consent. The unauthorized individual relies on the authorized person to activate the access control system, slipping in behind them before the door or gate closes.

Examples:

  • An attacker waits near a secure entrance and slips in behind an employee who has just swiped their access card.
  • A person pretends to be a delivery driver and follows an employee into the building.

Tailgating is characterized by the unauthorized person’s lack of consent from the authorized individual. The authorized person is often unaware of the unauthorized person’s presence.

Countermeasures:

  • Install security gates and mantraps.
  • Deploy surveillance cameras to monitor entry points.
  • Educate employees about tailgating risks and prevention strategies.

Piggybacking: Entering with permission

Piggybacking occurs when an authorized person knowingly allows an unauthorized person to enter a secure area. This often happens due to social engineering tactics employed by the unauthorized individual, exploiting the authorized person’s helpfulness or sympathy.

Examples:

  • An employee holds the door open for a colleague who has forgotten their access card.
  • A well-meaning employee allows a visitor carrying heavy packages to enter without proper authentication.

Piggybacking is characterized by the consent of the authorized person. They may be aware that they are violating security protocols but choose to do so out of convenience or a desire to be helpful.

Countermeasures:

  • Clearly define and enforce security policies.
  • Implement access control systems that require individual authentication.
  • Conduct regular security awareness training for employees.

Similarities between Tailgating and Piggybacking:

  • Both exploit vulnerabilities in physical security measures.
  • Both leverage human psychology and social engineering techniques.
  • Both can lead to security breaches, data theft, and other risks for organizations.

Conclusion:

Both tailgating and piggybacking pose significant security threats. By understanding the difference between these two methods and implementing appropriate security measures, organizations can minimize the risk of unauthorized access and maintain a secure environment.